What is the term for the capital available to be lent to customers in the economy?

The term for the capital available to be lent to customers in the economy is the "Money Supply." This refers to the total amount of monetary assets available in an economy at a specific time, which includes cash, coins, and balances held in checking accounts. The money supply is crucial because it influences liquidity in the economy, enabling individuals and businesses to borrow funds.

Understanding the money supply is vital in the context of lending because it encompasses the funds that banks can lend to consumers and businesses. When the central bank increases the money supply, it typically lowers interest rates, making borrowing easier and encouraging spending and investment, which can stimulate economic growth. Conversely, a contraction in the money supply can lead to higher interest rates, making loans less accessible.

While federal budget refers to government spending and revenue, fiscal revenue pertains to government income, primarily from taxes, and bank reserves represent the portion of deposits that banks must hold in liquid form. Each of these options plays a role in the broader economic landscape but does not directly represent the capital available for lending as the money supply does.